EVALUATION OF DIURETIC AND ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS IGNEUS

Abstract

The present study investigates the diuretic and antiurolithiatic potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Costus igneus in albino rats. The extract was evaluated for its ability to increase urine output and influence electrolyte excretion in comparison to standard diuretics. Additionally, antiurolithiatic activity was assessed by inducing kidney stones using ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride. Significant improvements in urinary parameters and reduction in stone-forming constituents were observed in treated groups. These findings suggest that Costus igneus exhibits promising effects in promoting renal clearance and preventing urolithiasis. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and polyphenols, which may contribute to the observed pharmacological activities. The diuretic effect helped dilute urinary solutes, while antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties likely played a role in inhibiting stone formation. Histopathological studies supported the protective role of the extract on renal tissues. The results validate the traditional use of Costus igneus in managing urinary disorders. Further studies are recommended to isolate active constituents and explore their mechanisms of action.