Significance of Triglyceride Glucose Index and Various Atherogenic Indices in Uncontrolled Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is more pronounced when uncontrolled. The characteristic dyslipidemic pattern adds to the cause of cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Various Atherogenic indices like Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli risk index (CRI-I), Castelli risk index (CRI -II), and Atherogenic coefficient (AC) have been found to predict cardiovascular risk even in the absence of significant changes in the individual lipid profile parameters. Our study aimed to assess the significance between Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG index) and various Atherogenic indices like  Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli risk index (CRI-I), Castelli risk index (CRI -II), and Atherogenic coefficient (AC). The objective of our study is to establish a correlation between Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG index) and various Atherogenic indices with an intent to use it as a cheap marker for predicting atherosclerotic risk in establishing CVD in uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.. A case-control study was conducted with 100 uncontrolled Type 2 DM patients and 100 controlled Type 2 DM patients. FBS, HbA1C, Lipid profile - Total Cholesterol (TC), Triacylglycerol (TG), HDLc were measured on a fully automated analyzer with commercially available kits. LDLc, Atherogenic indices (AIP, AC, CRI-I, CRI-II), and Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG) were calculated using standardized formulas.There was a significant association between the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG) and various Atherogenic indices between the cases and control groups, so Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG) can be suggested to use as a cheap marker in predicting the risk of atherosclerotic CVD in uncontrolled Type-2 Diabetic Mellitus patients.