HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF BOERHAAVIA DIFFUSA IN ISOPROTERENOL-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTED RATS

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diseases of the circulatory system can be described as all diseases relating to the heart and blood vessels. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates there will be about 20 million CVD deaths in 2015, accounting for 30 percent of all deaths worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective role of whole plant extract of Boerhaavia diffusa on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group I served as a normal control, Group II rats were administered isoproterenol (85mg/kg, i.p) at the end of experimental period on the45th and 46th days. Group III received an ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa 150mg/kg b.w for 45 days. Group IV rats were pretreated with Boerhaavia diffusa 150mg/kg b.w for a period of 45 days and received intraperitonial injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg, b.w) at the end of experimental period for 2 consecutive days.  After the experimental period, blood was collected and serum was separated and used for the estimation of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and lipoproteins and the assay lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. The heart homogenate was used for the assay lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. Isoproterenol induced rats showed a significant increase in the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and free fatty acids in both serum and heart homogenate. A rise in the levels of LDL, VLDL with a significant decrease in the level of HDL was also observed in the serum and heart tissues of isoproterenol treated rats. But the phospholipid content was found to be significantly increased in serum and decreased in heart tissue. The values of atherogenic index and C/P ratio were significantly  increased in the ISPH treated group. The oral administration of ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa 150/kg b.w) to isoproterenol-induced rats daily for a period of 45 days proved the protective role of Boerhaavia diffusa. The levels of the biochemical parameters in the plant treated groups were nearly the same as that of the normal control.