ROLE OF INFLAMMATION IN OBESITY RELATED METABOLIC DISORDERS.

Abstract

Globally, obesity   is a major contributor to the burden of several chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.  With changing life style, obesity has now become a global phenomenon affecting all socioeconomic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity.  Morbid obesity and co morbidities   of metabolic syndrome, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia   and glucose intolerance are now increasingly recognized in young adults predisposing them to early cardiovascular diseases. Obesity  is now  viewed  as a low grade inflammatory disease, characterized  by increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, TNF-α, interleukins and other  adipokines  that  promote  insulin resistance in liver and  skeletal muscle  ultimately leading to the clinical expression of various metabolic disorders. Because of the reversibility of obesity related diseases   with suitable interventional strategies, it is important to identify and treat the pro inflammatory state of obesity to prevent premature deaths due to metabolic diseases. The relationship between obesity, inflammation and metabolic disorders was investigated extensively in several populations.  This   review aims at giving a general view on the role of inflammation in obesity related metabolic disorders and summarizing the recent progress. Elucidation of the mechanisms that link obesity with inflammation  and  metabolic disorders will not only contribute to the understanding of the  patho physiology  of  obesity,  but  also open to  novel  strategies  for  prevention  and  treatment of pro-inflammatory state  of  obesity and obesity  related   metabolic disorders.