PROPHYLACTIC HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS VACCINES

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses are the primary etiologic agents of cervical cancer. Thus, cervical cancer and other Human papillomavirus associated malignancies might be prevented by Human papillomavirus vaccines. Currently, two Human papillomavirus L1 Virus -Like Particle vaccines namely Gardasil^® - quadrivalent (Merck) and Cervarix™ - bivalent (GlaxoSmithKline) are widely marketed internationally. These HPV vaccines are commercially available. The advisable period of Human papillomavirus vaccination is before the onset of sexual activity. Human papillomavirus vaccines should not be given to people who have experienced severe allergic reactions after a previous vaccine dose or to a component of the vaccine. These vaccines are not recommended for use in pregnant females. The mechanisms by which these vaccines induce protections are not fully defined but involve both cellular immunity and neutralizing immunoglobulin G antibodies. This review brings up to date information on the two commercially available prophylactic Human papillomavirus vaccines.