10.22376/ijpbs.2019.10.1.p1-12 Volume 15 Issue 2 April-June Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can attack the kidney, liver, etc., but when it infects the lungs, it causes tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can spread easily when people gather in crowds or where people live in crowded conditions. Many molecular markers can identify or differentiate the different types of bacterial strains that affect the person in different regions or the same region. The main aim of this study is to assess the applicability of IS6110-based RFLP analysis to sensitive strains of M. tuberculosis in different regions of India. DNA fingerprinting form of mycobacterium tuberculosis is a powerful epidemiologic tool used to detect and control tuberculosis. For this study, 38 samples from different age groups and sexes were collected and studied. These samples were processed, stained, cultured, DNA isolated, and amplified by PCR. These DNAs were obtained by targeting the insertion sequence IS6110. From 38 samples, 36 were PCR positive, whereas 2 were IS6110 PCR negative. 8 out of 9 untreated cases showed PCR positivity compared to smear and culture positivity. The DNA fingerprinting was used to assess epidemiologically linked case pairs of tuberculosis. The matched DNA fingerprints of the source and secondary confirm the transmission. RFLP analysis using the repetitive DNA element IS6110 in M. tuberculosis has been a powerful tool for confirming the result of standard epidemiological investigation. This standardized technique generates strain-specific patterns by creating variability in genomic position and number of IS6110. This technique compares results and identifies specific strains with unusual properties like high infectivity, virulence, or drug resistance. Geeta Chaudhary and Anurag Jain Tuberculosis, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, DNA Isolation, DNA fingerprinting 37-43