10.22376/ijpbs.2019.10.1.p1-12 Volume 4 Issue 2 2013 (April - June) lessThan i greaterThan Calamus erectus lessThan /i greaterThan Roxb. (CE) fruit under the family Arecaceae is traditionally used by the local people of Darjeeling Himalaya as an antidiabetic agent but no scientific reports are available yet. Hence this study was designed to determine the lessThan i greaterThan in vitro lessThan /i greaterThan antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of two different parts viz. mesocarp and endocarp of lessThan i greaterThan Calamus erectus lessThan /i greaterThan fruit lessThan i greaterThan . lessThan /i greaterThan The extracts were screened for their possible lessThan i greaterThan in vitro lessThan /i greaterThan antioxidant potentials by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, reducing power, metal chelating, nitric oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and anti-lipid peroxidation assays and lessThan i greaterThan in vitro lessThan /i greaterThan antidiabetic activity by α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition. The DPPH radical scavenging of methanolic extract of endocarp and mesocarp has IC lessThan sub greaterThan 50 lessThan /sub greaterThan values of 0.10 and 0.12 mg/ml fresh weight tissue respectively. All antioxidant assays of the extract were enhanced with the increasing amount of the concentration. The methanolic extract of different fruit parts (endocarp and mesocarp) showed concentration dependent α-glucosidase (IC lessThan sub greaterThan 50 lessThan /sub greaterThan -1.69 and 2.00 mg/ml) and α-amylase (IC lessThan sub greaterThan 50 lessThan /sub greaterThan -2.74 and 3.30 mg/ml) inhibitory activity. Hence α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibition may be the possible mechanism for diabetic therapy and considered as a potential herbal drug for the management of type-II diabetes mellitus. The bioactivity of the plant extracts may be due to the presence of high total phenol content as determined through Pearson's correlation and Principal Component Analysis. The lessThan i greaterThan in vitro lessThan /i greaterThan studies clearly indicate that methanolic extract of endocarp of this fruit has more antioxidant and antidiabetic capability, also with extraordinary potential for their use in pharmaceuticals. MITALI GHOSAL AND PALASH MANDAL Free radicals, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, flavonoids, phenol 671-684