10.22376/ijpbs.2019.10.1.p1-12 Volume 4 Issue 2 2013 (April - June) Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be a common pathway in atherosclerosis, diabetes, cataract, accelerated ageing, and drug toxicities. The protective role of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and magnesium (Mg lessThan sup greaterThan +2 lessThan /sup greaterThan ) in gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated . One hundred albino rats were divided into 5 groups. lessThan i greaterThan Sham control lessThan /i greaterThan group (A), lessThan i greaterThan Gentamicin group lessThan /i greaterThan (B), lessThan i greaterThan Gentamicin + NAC group lessThan /i greaterThan (C), lessThan i greaterThan Gentamicin + lessThan /i greaterThan Mg lessThan sup greaterThan +2 lessThan /sup greaterThan lessThan i greaterThan group lessThan /i greaterThan ( D), and lessThan i greaterThan  gentamicin + (NAC + lessThan /i greaterThan Mg lessThan sup greaterThan +2 lessThan /sup greaterThan ) lessThan i greaterThan group lessThan /i greaterThan (E) . Twenty four hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE), plasma creatinine (crP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) ,reduced glutathione(GSH) , and malondialdehyde (MDAP) were measured. CrP ,UAE and MDAP were significantly increased in gentamicin treated group, while SOD, CAT , and GSH were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group. Combination between NAC and Mg lessThan sup greaterThan +2 lessThan /sup greaterThan produced a significant decrease of the lipid peroxidation production and increase of the antioxidant enzymes. Increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant enzymes may play a role in gentamicin induced renal toxicity. Combined NAC + Mg lessThan sup greaterThan +2 lessThan /sup greaterThan may ameliorate these changes and protect the kidney. HALA ABDEL MALEK aminoglycosides-oxidative stress-kidney. 144-151