International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences
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10.22376/ijpbs.2019.10.1.p1-12
Volume 6 Issue 2
2015 (April - June)
A REVIEW ON SOMATOSTATIN & THAUMATIN: THE TWO PROTEINSA GROWTH ATTENUATOR AND A SWEETNER
Somatostatin and its receptors have a critical role in mammalian growth through their control pattern of secretion of growth hormone, but the evolutionary history of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors are ill defined. To date, we have identified a minimum of two genes of somatostatin and five somatostatin receptor genes in mammalian species with variable forms. Its clinical application has been limited by its very short half-life, necessitating continuous intravenous infusion. Octreotide is an 8 amino acid synthetic analogue of somatostatin that possesses similar pharmacological effects. It has a much longer duration of action, however, and can be given subcutaneously. Both the intravenous and subcutaneous routes of injection of octreotide are well tolerated. Octreotide inhibits gastroenteropancreatic secretion, especially of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and gastrin. Thaumatin, a mixture of protein first isolated from the Katemfe fruit. Thaumatin which is about 100,000 times sweeter than sucrose on a molar basis. Thaumatin has potential use a low calorie sweeter for industrial application. Thaumatin is highly digestible protein. Thaumatin has been crystallized in four different forms: orthorhombic (1.75 Å), monoclinic (2.60 Å), tetragonal (1.75 Å) and hexagonal (1.60 Å).
S. SHAIKH, M. GAMIT AND R. TRIVEDI
Somatostatin, Octreotide, Thaumatin, Thaumatin like protein, Microgravity, crystallization
981-988